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Tooth Abscess

Overview
What is meant by a tooth abscess is the formation of a bag or pus-filled lump in the teeth caused by a bacterial infection. Tooth abscesses usually appear on the tip of the tooth root (periapical abscess).
Bacterial infections that cause tooth abscesses generally occur in people with poor hygiene and dental health. Pus gathered on a lump, gradually becoming more painful.

Bacteria can enter the innermost part of the tooth through either a deep cavity or a chip or crack in your tooth. The resulting infection and inflammation can cause an abscess at the tip of the root.

This disease can be prevented by regularly brushing teeth or cleaning teeth using dental floss. It is recommended that someone routinely check his teeth to the dentist to avoid tooth decay and damage.

Symptoms
Some symptoms that are usually felt by people with dental abscesses are:
  • Swelling of the face or cheeks.
  • Lymph nodes under the jaw or on the neck swell and feel pain.
  •  
  • Redness of the mouth and face.
  • Sensitive to pressure when chewing or biting.
  • Sensitive in hot or cold temperatures.
  • Severe pain and throbbing in the teeth, which can spread to the bones of the jaw, neck or ears.
  • When a lump of abscess ruptures, it suddenly smells unpleasant from the mouth, and the tongue tastes rotten, and salty liquid appears in the mouth.
Risk factors
The cause of the appearance of a tooth abscess is the development of bacteria in the oral cavity that spreads to the soft tissues and bones of the face and neck. Bacteria enter the dental pulp through the tooth cavity or cracks in the patient's teeth. Inside the pulp itself there are several blood vessels, nerves and connective tissue.
Some factors that can increase a person's risk of suffering from a tooth abscess are:
  • High-sugar foods. Eating foods and drinks with high sugar content can cause holes in the teeth that can develop into a tooth abscess.
  • Poor dental hygiene. People who do not take care of their teeth and gums should be at risk of developing dental problems, including dental abscesses.
Diagnosis
To diagnose a patient who is suspected of having a dental abscess, doctors generally will carry out several examination measures such as:
  • Physical examination. The doctor will examine the patient's oral cavity as a whole.
  • Knocking the patient's teeth. Teeth that suffer from abscesses usually become sensitive to touch or pressure.
  • Scanning X-rays will help the doctor identify an abscess and see if the infection has spread and causes abscesses in other parts of the body. If the abscess has spread to the neck, doctors will usually recommend a CT scan.
Treatment and Complications
Some of the treatment steps that doctors will generally take to treat dental abscesses are:
  • Make a canal to the root of the tooth. The doctor will drill into the bottom of the tooth, remove the soft tissue that is the center of the infection, and drain the abscess. This method can eliminate infection and save the patient's teeth.
  • Drying abscesses, by making a small incision in the abscess lump and removing pus from it.
  • Give antibiotics. If the infection has spread to other teeth, the doctor will prescribe antibiotics to stop the spread of bacteria.
  • Pull out infected teeth. If it cannot be saved, the affected tooth will be removed. The doctor will then drain the abscess.
If not handled properly, people with dental abscesses are at risk of several complications such as:
  • Spread of infection, to other body parts such as the jaw, neck or head.
  • Deadly infections that spread throughout the body.
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